Learn National Heroes (From the beginning to the beginning of the twentieth century) -part 1:Hai Ba Trung uprising
Hai Ba Trung (Nôm: 𠄩 婆 徵) is the common name of the sisters Trung Trac (徵 側) and Trung Nhi (徵 貳), two women who are considered national heroes of the Vietnamese people. In the history books, the two women were known as the leaders who started to fight against the colonial government of Dong Han, establishing a nation with the capital at Me Linh and Trung Trac to claim to be the Queen. The period of two women alternating between the North belongs to the 1st and the North belongs to the 2nd in Vietnamese history. Dai Viet historically signed the encyclopedia considered Trung Trac to be a king in history, with the name Trung Queen (徵 Trưng).
After this uprising was defeated by the Eastern Han army under the command of the Institute, according to Chinese history, the two women were beheaded and brought to Luoyang. According to tradition, because she did not want to submit, Hai Ba Trung sank herself into Hat Giang river.
In addition
to history, the life and career of Hai Ba Trung is reflected in many
emeralds and gods. Because of the inconsistency between the sources,
many historians have used the genealogy and jade genealogy to supplement
the Hai Ba Trung uprising.
Cause of the uprising
Because
of Dong Han's strict assimilation and exploitation policy against the
Vietnamese at the time of Jiaozhi, the Vietnamese generals joined forces
to oppose the Han. Trung Trac married his stray son in Chu Dien, Thi
Sach, both of them were anti-Han. Around the year 39-40, in order to
suppress the Vietnamese against it, the beast beast To Dinh killed Thi
Sach.
Trung
Trac and Lac generals became more and more hatred, and Trung Nhi
brought the army back to keep Hat Giang, which is now Hat Mon commune,
Phuc Tho district, Hanoi. After a period of preparation, in February 40,
Trung Trac and Trung Nhi officially launched an uprising against the
Dong Han. The uprising was supported by many armies and people of old
places of Au Lac and Nam Viet. Hai Ba Trung's army defeated the Luy Lau
base.
To Dinh had
to run to Nam Hai (China). The districts of Nam Hai, Cuu Chan, Nhat Nam
and Hop Pho all responded. The two women obtained 65 cities in Linh
Nam. Trung Trac established himself as a king, claiming to be Trung Nu
Vuong (or Trung Vuong).
Overview of Hai Ba Trung temple
Temple lobby
Temple Gate
Rule
Hai Ba
Trung ruled the territorial region of the Ling Nam region of the
Vietnamese equivalent to the Ministry of Communications of the Han
Dynasty for 3 years. The short period of rule and the preparation to
fight against the war of the Han Dynasty left Hai Ba Trung with no
significant activities in building the territory under her control.
Because
the reign of Hai Ba Trung was not long and there were no documents to
restore the organizational system of the Hai Ba Trung era. However,
historians based on historical records relating to the Han Dynasty's
rule before and after Hai Ba Trung's belief that Hai Ba Trung
essentially maintained the Han's previous management system, held by
Vietnamese people.
Districts
and districts were established by Han Dynasty on former Au Lac and Nam
Viet lands, on the basis of inherited "sets" of the Van Lang and Au Lac
periods. Historical records confirm Hai Ba was based in Me Linh
district, Giao Chi district.
56 districts and cities that Hai Ba Trung won in the following districts
Giao Chi
District: is determined to be the northern region of Vietnam and the
southwestern part of present-day Guangxi Province (China) (from the Uat
or Tay Giang rivers to the south), minus the following land areas:
1. Northwest mountainous corner outside the domination scope of the Han Dynasty.
2. The southwest corner of Ninh Bình belongs to Vô Công district, Cửu Chân district
3. The
coastal area from Thai Binh province to Kim Son district of Ninh Binh
province at that time had not yet been accreted to the mainland (still
the sea).
Giao Chi District consists of 10 districts (縣) as follows:
1. Northwest mountainous corner outside the domination scope of the Han Dynasty.
2. The southwest corner of Ninh Bình belongs to Vô Công district, Cửu Chân district
3. The
coastal area from Thai Binh province to Kim Son district of Ninh Binh
province at that time had not yet been accreted to the mainland (still
the sea).
Hai Ba Trung paintings
Giao Chi District consists of 10 districts (縣) as follows:
1. Liên Lau (羸 婁 or 羸): equivalent to most of Bac Ninh province. This place is often misinterpreted as "Luy Lau" or "Liên Lau".
2. An Dinh (安定): equivalent to Hai Duong and Hung Yen regions, in the middle of Thai Binh and Red rivers.
3. Cau Lau
(苟 漏 or 笱 屚 or 句 屚): Equivalent to Nam Dinh and Ninh Binh provinces,
excluding the southeastern region of Nam Dinh and the southern Ninh Binh
at that time was still the sea, not yet accreted.
4. Me Linh
(麊 泠 or 麋 泠): includes the northwest region of Vinh Phuc province,
northwest of former Ha Tay province and Yen Bai province.
5. Khuc
Duong (曲 昜): is equivalent to Kinh Mon District, Hai Duong Province,
Dong Trieu District and Quang Yen District, Quang Ninh Province, which
extends north to the Kham Chau area of Guangxi, China.
6. Bac Dai (北 帶): is equivalent to Yen Dung district, Bac Giang province and Chi Linh district, Hai Duong province.
7. Ke Tu (稽 徐): equivalent to Lang Giang district and Luc Ngan district, Bac Giang province.
8. Tay Vu (西 于): Equivalent to Vinh Phuc, Phu Tho, north of former Ha Tay and Hoa Binh.
9. Long
Uyen (龍淵): That was Long Bien (龍 編) later, when it was under the taboo
of Tang Cao To To, Ly Uyen (李淵) was renamed Long Bien. Equivalent
geographical areas include the center of Hanoi and the districts of Hoai
Duc, Thuong Tin (Hanoi), Khoai Chau (Hung Yen), Thuan Thanh district,
Que Vo and Yen Phong districts, Bac Ninh and up north, including Bac
Kan, Thai Nguyen, Lang Son and Cao Bang provinces and a southwest part
of Guangxi province, China. This is the largest district that the later
generations split to form other districts.
10. Chu
Dien (朱 鳶): is equivalent to the south of former Ha Tay province, Luong
Son district of Hoa Binh province and Ha Nam province.
The statue of Hai Ba Trung in the museum
Demonstration shows the Hai Ba Trung uprising
Jiuzhu District
The Nine
Foot District during the Han Dynasty was located from the southwestern
corner of Ninh Binh Province to present Ha Tinh Province.
Cuu Chan district was defined in Tu Pho district. Cuu Chan consists of the following seven districts16:
1. Vo Thiet (無 切): equivalent to Nho Quan, Yen Khanh in Ninh Binh province today.
2. Vo Bien (無 編): is equivalent to Vinh Loc and Thach Thanh districts in Thanh Hoa province
3. Tu Pho
(胥浦): an area equivalent to Thieu Hoa, Tho Xuan, Tinh Gia districts of
Thanh Hoa province and northern Dien Chau province of Nghe An province
4. Cu Phong (居 風): equivalent to the southwest of Thanh Hoa province
5. Du Phat (餘 發): is equivalent to Nga Son and Hau Loc districts in Thanh Hoa province
6. Do Lung (都 龐): equivalent to the upstream Ma River
7. Ham Hoan (咸 驩 or 咸 懽 or 鹹 驩): is equivalent to Nghe An and Ha Tinh, the largest district in the southernmost Cuu Chan.
Nhat Nam District
Nhat Nam position is determined from Quang Binh to the boundary of Binh Dinh and Phu Yen today.
Nhat Nam includes 5 districts as follows
1. Tay Quyen (西 卷): Gianh river area, north of Quang Binh.
2. Chu Ngo (硃 吾): about Thach Han river, Quang Tri province.
3. Lo Dung (盧 容): Thua Thien area, Huong and Bo river basins.
4. Ty Anh (比 景): south of Quang Binh, from Nhat Le river to Ben Hai river.
5. Tuong Lam (像 林): from Hai Van Pass to Dai Lanh Cape (Phu Yen Province).
Hop Pho District
Hop Pho district consists of 5 districts: Hop Pho (合浦), Tu Van (徐聞), Cao Luong (高 涼), Lam Nguyen (臨 元), Chu Nhai (朱 崖).
Hop Pho was identified as the coastal area of the Tonkin Gulf in Guangxi Province and Zhanjiang Town in Guangdong Province.
Shang Wu District
Thuong Ngo
district consists of 10 districts: Quang Tin (廣 信), Ta Moc (謝 沐), Cao
Weak (高要), Phong Duong (封 陽), Lam Ha (臨 賀), Doan Khe (端 谿), Phung Thua
(馮 乘), Phu Xuyen (富川), Le Pho (荔浦), Manh Lang (猛 陵).
Thuong Ngo
Dynasty of Han dynasty was located in the equivalent area of Do Bang
mountain range in Quang Tay province, east of Dai Dao mountain, Trieu
Khanh town, Guangdong province, west of La Dinh town, Giang Vinh
district, Ho province. South, south of Jiang Hoa district, Dang district
of Guangxi province, north of Xinyi town Guangdong province.
Uat Lam District
Uat Lam District under Han Dynasty includes 12 districts: Bo Son (布 山), An Quang (安 廣), Ha Lam (河 林), Quang Do (廣 都), Trung Luu (中 留), Que Lam (桂林), Dam Trung (譚 中), Lam Tran (臨 塵), Dinh Chu (定 周), Linh Phuong (領 方), Tang Thuc (增 食), Ung Ke (雍 雞).
Uat Lam was determined to be located from the towns of Nam Ninh and Bach Sac to the majority of Lieu Chau, north of Ngoc Lam, east and south of Ha Tri all in Guangxi.